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Generative AI could lower drug prices. Here's how

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简介Absci's process of generating de novo antibodies.Absci Corp.When OpenAI's GPT-3 natural language pro...

Absci's process of generating de novo antibodies.

Absci Corp.

When OpenAI's GPT-3 natural language processing software burst on the scene in 2020, one of the most remarkable things about it was its ability to carry out a variety of tasks in a "zero-shot" fashion. Zero-shot fashion means without having been given any explicit examples of the task, such as printing the French word "rate" when a person types the phrase "translate the word spleen into French," despite never being trained explicitly to translate.

The new study, said Meier, devised antibodies that not only demonstrated high naturalness scores, but were also in some cases more natural than the score for Trastuzumab, a clinically approved therapeutic for breast cancer.

As an AI paper, the text might raise eyebrows because it does not disclose what the AI model is that was used to design the antibodies. The paper describes only the antibodies that resulted, and the wet lab procedure by which they were tested in the lab for binding affinity.

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That omission was deliberate, McClain and Meier told ZDNET.

"That's the secret sauce," said Meier of the AI model, meaning that it is protected intellectual property of Absci.

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That has caused speculation, noted Meier and McClain. "You see people who are tweeting about our work saying, Oh, this is like a language model," he said, referring to what are called large language model AI programs, such as GPT-3. "But we never wrote anywhere in the paper that there's a language model here," he said.

"I'm not going to say anything," continued Meier. "Maybe there's a language model-like part of this thing, but it's definitely not just a language model; it's not an off-the-shelf thing that you just train."

Meier and McClain indicated that the AI program is a generative AI program, which puts the program in the same grouping as GPT-3 and also OpenAI's follow-on ChatGPT program. But that also leaves wide room for any number of different kinds of programs.